💠 Data Table

💠 Data Table

Powerful table and datagrids built using TanStack Table.

Status
Amount
success
ken99@yahoo.com
$316.00
success
Abe45@gmail.com
$242.00
processing
Monserrat44@gmail.com
$837.00
success
Silas22@gmail.com
$874.00
failed
carmella@hotmail.com
$721.00
0 of 5 row(s) selected.

Introduction

Every data table or datagrid is unique. They all behave differently, have specific sorting and filtering requirements, and work with different data sources.

It doesn't make sense to combine all of these variations into a single component. If we do that, we'll lose the flexibility that headless UI (opens in a new tab) provides.

So instead of a data-table component, we thought it would be more helpful to provide a guide on how to build your own.

We'll start with the basic <Table /> component and build a complex data table from scratch.

💡

Tip: If you find yourself using the same table in multiple places in your app, you can always extract it into a reusable component.

Table of contents

This guide will show you how to use TanStack Table (opens in a new tab) and the <Table /> component to build your own custom data table. We'll cover the following topics:

Installation

Add tanstack/react-table dependency:

npm install @tanstack/react-table

Prerequisites

We are going to build a table to show recent payments. Here's what our data looks like:

type Payment = {
  id: string
  amount: number
  status: "pending" | "processing" | "success" | "failed"
  email: string
}
 
export const payments: Payment[] = [
  {
    id: "728ed52f",
    amount: 100,
    status: "pending",
    email: "m@example.com",
  },
  {
    id: "489e1d42",
    amount: 125,
    status: "processing",
    email: "example@gmail.com",
  },
  // ...
]

Project Structure

Start by creating the following file structure:

app
└── payments
    ├── columns.tsx
    ├── data-table.tsx
    └── page.tsx

I'm using a Next.js example here but this works for any other React framework.

  • columns.tsx (client component) will contain our column definitions.
  • data-table.tsx (client component) will contain our <DataTable /> component.
  • page.tsx (server component) is where we'll fetch data and render our table.

Basic Table

Let's start by building a basic table.

Column Definitions

First, we'll define our columns.

app/payments/columns.tsx
"use client"
 
import { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
// This type is used to define the shape of our data.
// You can use a Zod schema here if you want.
export type Payment = {
  id: string
  amount: number
  status: "pending" | "processing" | "success" | "failed"
  email: string
}
 
export const columns: ColumnDef<Payment>[] = [
  {
    accessorKey: "status",
    header: "Status",
  },
  {
    accessorKey: "email",
    header: "Email",
  },
  {
    accessorKey: "amount",
    header: "Amount",
  },
]
📝

Note: Columns are where you define the core of what your table will look like. They define the data that will be displayed, how it will be formatted, sorted and filtered.

<DataTable /> component

Next, we'll create a <DataTable /> component to render our table.

app/payments/data-table.tsx
"use client"
 
import {
  ColumnDef,
  flexRender,
  getCoreRowModel,
  useReactTable,
} from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
import {
  Table,
  TableBody,
  TableCell,
  TableHead,
  TableHeader,
  TableRow,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/table"
 
interface DataTableProps<TData, TValue> {
  columns: ColumnDef<TData, TValue>[]
  data: TData[]
}
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({
  columns,
  data,
}: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
  })
 
  return (
    <div className="rounded border border-default">
      <Table>
        <TableHeader>
          {table.getHeaderGroups().map((headerGroup) => (
            <TableRow key={headerGroup.id}>
              {headerGroup.headers.map((header) => {
                return (
                  <TableHead key={header.id}>
                    {header.isPlaceholder
                      ? null
                      : flexRender(
                          header.column.columnDef.header,
                          header.getContext()
                        )}
                  </TableHead>
                )
              })}
            </TableRow>
          ))}
        </TableHeader>
        <TableBody>
          {table.getRowModel().rows?.length ? (
            table.getRowModel().rows.map((row) => (
              <TableRow
                key={row.id}
                data-state={row.getIsSelected() && "selected"}
              >
                {row.getVisibleCells().map((cell) => (
                  <TableCell key={cell.id}>
                    {flexRender(cell.column.columnDef.cell, cell.getContext())}
                  </TableCell>
                ))}
              </TableRow>
            ))
          ) : (
            <TableRow>
              <TableCell colSpan={columns.length} className="h-24 text-center">
                No results.
              </TableCell>
            </TableRow>
          )}
        </TableBody>
      </Table>
    </div>
  )
}
💡

Tip: If you find yourself using <DataTable /> in multiple places, this is the component you could make reusable by extracting it to components/data-table.tsx.

<DataTable columns={columns} data={data} />

Render the table

Finally, we'll render our table in our page component.

app/payments/page.tsx
import { Payment, columns } from "./columns";
import { DataTable } from "./data-table";
 
async function getData(): Promise<Payment[]> {
  // Fetch data from your API here.
  return [
    {
      id: "728ed52f",
      amount: 100,
      status: "pending",
      email: "m@example.com",
    },
    // ...
  ];
}
 
export default async function DemoPage() {
  const data = await getData();
 
  return (
    <div className="container mx-auto py-10">
      <DataTable columns={columns} data={data} />
    </div>
  );
}

Cell Formatting

Let's format the amount cell to display the dollar amount. We'll also align the cell to the right.

Update columns definition

Update the header and cell definitions for amount as follows:

app/payments/columns.tsx
export const columns: ColumnDef<Payment>[] = [
  {
    accessorKey: "amount",
    header: () => <div className="text-right">Amount</div>,
    cell: ({ row }) => {
      const amount = parseFloat(row.getValue("amount"));
      const formatted = new Intl.NumberFormat("en-US", {
        style: "currency",
        currency: "USD",
      }).format(amount);
 
      return <div className="text-right font-medium">{formatted}</div>;
    },
  },
];

You can use the same approach to format other cells and headers.

Row Actions

Let's add row actions to our table. We'll use a <Dropdown /> component for this.

Update columns definition

Update our columns definition to add a new actions column. The actions cell returns a <Dropdown /> component.

app/payments/columns.tsx
"use client";
 
import { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table";
import { MoreHorizontal } from "@fusillo/ui/components/icon";
 
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button";
import {
  DropdownMenu,
  DropdownMenuContent,
  DropdownMenuItem,
  DropdownMenuLabel,
  DropdownMenuSeparator,
  DropdownMenuTrigger,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/dropdown-menu";
 
export const columns: ColumnDef<Payment>[] = [
  // ...
  {
    id: "actions",
    cell: ({ row }) => {
      const payment = row.original;
 
      return (
        <DropdownMenu>
          <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
            <Button variant="secondary" icon={true} className="p-0">
              <span className="sr-only">Open menu</span>
              <MoreHorizontal />
            </Button>
          </DropdownMenuTrigger>
          <DropdownMenuContent align="end">
            <DropdownMenuLabel>Actions</DropdownMenuLabel>
            <DropdownMenuItem onClick={() => navigator.clipboard.writeText(payment.id)}>
              Copy payment ID
            </DropdownMenuItem>
            <DropdownMenuSeparator />
            <DropdownMenuItem>View customer</DropdownMenuItem>
            <DropdownMenuItem>View payment details</DropdownMenuItem>
          </DropdownMenuContent>
        </DropdownMenu>
      );
    },
  },
  // ...
];

You can access the row data using row.original in the cell function. Use this to handle actions for your row eg. use the id to make a DELETE call to your API.

Pagination

Next, we'll add pagination to our table.

Update <DataTable>

app/payments/data-table.tsx
import {
  ColumnDef,
  flexRender,
  getCoreRowModel,
  getPaginationRowModel,
  useReactTable,
} from "@tanstack/react-table";
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({ columns, data }: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
  });
 
  // ...
}

This will automatically paginate your rows into pages of 10. See the pagination docs (opens in a new tab) for more information on customizing page size and implementing manual pagination.

Add pagination controls

We can add pagination controls to our table using the <Button /> component and the table.previousPage(), table.nextPage() API methods.

app/payments/data-table.tsx
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button";
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({ columns, data }: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
  });
 
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="border-default rounded border">
        <Table>// ....</Table>
      </div>
      <div className="flex items-center justify-end space-x-2 py-4">
        <Button
          variant="secondary"
          onClick={() => table.previousPage()}
          disabled={!table.getCanPreviousPage()}>
          Previous
        </Button>
        <Button variant="secondary" onClick={() => table.nextPage()} disabled={!table.getCanNextPage()}>
          Next
        </Button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

See Reusable Components section for a more advanced pagination component.

Sorting

Let's make the email column sortable.

Update <DataTable>

app/payments/data-table.tsx
"use client"
 
import * as React from "react"
import {
  ColumnDef,
  SortingState,
  flexRender,
  getCoreRowModel,
  getPaginationRowModel,
  getSortedRowModel,
  useReactTable,
} from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({
  columns,
  data,
}: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const [sorting, setSorting] = React.useState<SortingState>([])
 
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
    onSortingChange: setSorting,
    getSortedRowModel: getSortedRowModel(),
    state: {
      sorting,
    },
  })
 
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="rounded border border-default">
        <Table>{ ... }</Table>
      </div>
    </div>
  )
}

Make header cell sortable

We can now update the email header cell to add sorting controls.

app/payments/columns.tsx
"use client";
 
import { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table";
import { ArrowUpDown, MoreHorizontal } from "@fusillo/ui/components/icon";
 
export const columns: ColumnDef<Payment>[] = [
  {
    accessorKey: "email",
    header: ({ column }) => {
      return (
        <Button variant="text" onClick={() => column.toggleSorting(column.getIsSorted() === "asc")}>
          Email
          <ArrowUpDown />
        </Button>
      );
    },
  },
];

This will automatically sort the table (asc and desc) when the user toggles on the header cell.

Filtering

Let's add a search input to filter emails in our table.

Update <DataTable>

app/payments/data-table.tsx
"use client"
 
import * as React from "react"
import {
  ColumnDef,
  ColumnFiltersState,
  SortingState,
  flexRender,
  getCoreRowModel,
  getFilteredRowModel,
  getPaginationRowModel,
  getSortedRowModel,
  useReactTable,
} from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button"
import { Input } from "@fusillo/ui/components/input"
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({
  columns,
  data,
}: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const [sorting, setSorting] = React.useState<SortingState>([])
  const [columnFilters, setColumnFilters] = React.useState<ColumnFiltersState>(
    []
  )
 
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    onSortingChange: setSorting,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
    getSortedRowModel: getSortedRowModel(),
    onColumnFiltersChange: setColumnFilters,
    getFilteredRowModel: getFilteredRowModel(),
    state: {
      sorting,
      columnFilters,
    },
  })
 
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="flex items-center py-4">
        <Input
          placeholder="Filter emails..."
          value={(table.getColumn("email")?.getFilterValue() as string) ?? ""}
          onChange={(event) =>
            table.getColumn("email")?.setFilterValue(event.target.value)
          }
          className="max-w-sm"
        />
      </div>
      <div className="rounded border border-default">
        <Table>{ ... }</Table>
      </div>
    </div>
  )
}

Filtering is now enabled for the email column. You can add filters to other columns as well. See the filtering docs (opens in a new tab) for more information on customizing filters.

Visibility

Adding column visibility is fairly simple using @tanstack/react-table visibility API.

Update <DataTable>

app/payments/data-table.tsx
"use client"
 
import * as React from "react"
import {
  ColumnDef,
  ColumnFiltersState,
  SortingState,
  VisibilityState,
  flexRender,
  getCoreRowModel,
  getFilteredRowModel,
  getPaginationRowModel,
  getSortedRowModel,
  useReactTable,
} from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button"
import {
  DropdownMenu,
  DropdownMenuCheckboxItem,
  DropdownMenuContent,
  DropdownMenuTrigger,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/dropdown-menu"
 
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({
  columns,
  data,
}: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const [sorting, setSorting] = React.useState<SortingState>([])
  const [columnFilters, setColumnFilters] = React.useState<ColumnFiltersState>(
    []
  )
  const [columnVisibility, setColumnVisibility] =
    React.useState<VisibilityState>({})
 
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    onSortingChange: setSorting,
    onColumnFiltersChange: setColumnFilters,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
    getSortedRowModel: getSortedRowModel(),
    getFilteredRowModel: getFilteredRowModel(),
    onColumnVisibilityChange: setColumnVisibility,
    state: {
      sorting,
      columnFilters,
      columnVisibility,
    },
  })
 
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="flex items-center py-4">
        <Input
          placeholder="Filter emails..."
          value={table.getColumn("email")?.getFilterValue() as string}
          onChange={(event) =>
            table.getColumn("email")?.setFilterValue(event.target.value)
          }
          className="max-w-sm"
        />
        <DropdownMenu>
          <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
            <Button variant="secondary">
              Columns
            </Button>
          </DropdownMenuTrigger>
          <DropdownMenuContent align="end">
            {table
              .getAllColumns()
              .filter(
                (column) => column.getCanHide()
              )
              .map((column) => {
                return (
                  <DropdownMenuCheckboxItem
                    key={column.id}
                    className="capitalize"
                    checked={column.getIsVisible()}
                    onCheckedChange={(value) =>
                      column.toggleVisibility(!!value)
                    }
                  >
                    {column.id}
                  </DropdownMenuCheckboxItem>
                )
              })}
          </DropdownMenuContent>
        </DropdownMenu>
      </div>
      <div className="rounded border border-default">
        <Table>{ ... }</Table>
      </div>
    </div>
  )
}

This adds a dropdown menu that you can use to toggle column visibility.

Row Selection

Next, we're going to add row selection to our table.

Update column definitions

app/payments/columns.tsx
"use client";
 
import { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table";
 
import { Badge } from "@fusillo/ui/components/badge";
import { Checkbox } from "@fusillo/ui/components/checkbox";
 
export const columns: ColumnDef<Payment>[] = [
  {
    id: "select",
    header: ({ table }) => (
      <Checkbox
        checked={table.getIsAllPageRowsSelected() || (table.getIsSomePageRowsSelected() && "indeterminate")}
        onCheckedChange={(value) => table.toggleAllPageRowsSelected(!!value)}
        aria-label="Select all"
      />
    ),
    cell: ({ row }) => (
      <Checkbox
        checked={row.getIsSelected()}
        onCheckedChange={(value) => row.toggleSelected(!!value)}
        aria-label="Select row"
      />
    ),
    enableSorting: false,
    enableHiding: false,
  },
];

Update <DataTable>

app/payments/data-table.tsx
export function DataTable<TData, TValue>({ columns, data }: DataTableProps<TData, TValue>) {
  const [sorting, setSorting] = React.useState < SortingState > [];
  const [columnFilters, setColumnFilters] = React.useState < ColumnFiltersState > [];
  const [columnVisibility, setColumnVisibility] = React.useState < VisibilityState > {};
  const [rowSelection, setRowSelection] = React.useState({});
 
  const table = useReactTable({
    data,
    columns,
    onSortingChange: setSorting,
    onColumnFiltersChange: setColumnFilters,
    getCoreRowModel: getCoreRowModel(),
    getPaginationRowModel: getPaginationRowModel(),
    getSortedRowModel: getSortedRowModel(),
    getFilteredRowModel: getFilteredRowModel(),
    onColumnVisibilityChange: setColumnVisibility,
    onRowSelectionChange: setRowSelection,
    state: {
      sorting,
      columnFilters,
      columnVisibility,
      rowSelection,
    },
  });
 
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="border-default rounded border">
        <Table />
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

This adds a checkbox to each row and a checkbox in the header to select all rows.

Show selected rows

You can show the number of selected rows using the table.getFilteredSelectedRowModel() API.

<div className="text-md text-description flex-1">
  {table.getFilteredSelectedRowModel().rows.length} of {table.getFilteredRowModel().rows.length} row(s)
  selected.
</div>

Reusable Components

Here are some components you can use to build your data tables.

Column header

Make any column header sortable and hideable.

import {
  ArrowDown,
  ArrowUp,
  ChevronsUpDown,
  EyeOff,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/icon"
import { Column } from "@tanstack/react-table"
 
import { cn } from "@/lib/twMerge"
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button"
import {
  DropdownMenu,
  DropdownMenuContent,
  DropdownMenuItem,
  DropdownMenuSeparator,
  DropdownMenuTrigger,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/dropdown-menu"
 
interface DataTableColumnHeaderProps<TData, TValue>
  extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
  column: Column<TData, TValue>
  title: string
}
 
export function DataTableColumnHeader<TData, TValue>({
  column,
  title,
  className,
}: DataTableColumnHeaderProps<TData, TValue>) {
  if (!column.getCanSort()) {
    return <div className={cn(className)}>{title}</div>
  }
 
  return (
    <div className={cn("flex items-center space-x-2", className)}>
      <DropdownMenu>
        <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
          <Button
            variant="text"
            className="-ml-3 data-[state=open]:bg-item-selected"
          >
            <span>{title}</span>
            {column.getIsSorted() === "desc" ? (
              <ArrowDown />
            ) : column.getIsSorted() === "asc" ? (
              <ArrowUp />
            ) : (
              <ChevronsUpDown />
            )}
          </Button>
        </DropdownMenuTrigger>
        <DropdownMenuContent align="start">
          <DropdownMenuItem onClick={() => column.toggleSorting(false)}>
            <ArrowUp className="text-description" />
            Asc
          </DropdownMenuItem>
          <DropdownMenuItem onClick={() => column.toggleSorting(true)}>
            <ArrowDown className="text-description" />
            Desc
          </DropdownMenuItem>
          <DropdownMenuSeparator />
          <DropdownMenuItem onClick={() => column.toggleVisibility(false)}>
            <EyeOff className="text-description" />
            Hide
          </DropdownMenuItem>
        </DropdownMenuContent>
      </DropdownMenu>
    </div>
  )
}
export const columns = [
  {
    accessorKey: "email",
    header: ({ column }) => <DataTableColumnHeader column={column} title="Email" />,
  },
];

Pagination

Add pagination controls to your table including page size and selection count.

import { ChevronLeft, ChevronRight, ChevronsLeft, ChevronsRight } from "@fusillo/ui/components/icon";
import { Table } from "@tanstack/react-table";
 
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button";
import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from "@fusillo/ui/components/select";
 
interface DataTablePaginationProps<TData> {
  table: Table<TData>;
}
 
export function DataTablePagination<TData>({ table }: DataTablePaginationProps<TData>) {
  return (
    <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-2">
      <div className="text-md text-description flex-1">
        {table.getFilteredSelectedRowModel().rows.length} of {table.getFilteredRowModel().rows.length} row(s)
        selected.
      </div>
      <div className="flex items-center space-x-6 lg:space-x-8">
        <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
          <p className="text-md-medium">Rows per page</p>
          <Select
            value={`${table.getState().pagination.pageSize}`}
            onValueChange={(value) => {
              table.setPageSize(Number(value));
            }}>
            <SelectTrigger className="w-20">
              <SelectValue placeholder={table.getState().pagination.pageSize} />
            </SelectTrigger>
            <SelectContent side="top">
              {[10, 20, 30, 40, 50].map((pageSize) => (
                <SelectItem key={pageSize} value={`${pageSize}`}>
                  {pageSize}
                </SelectItem>
              ))}
            </SelectContent>
          </Select>
        </div>
        <div className="text-md-medium flex w-24 items-center justify-center">
          Page {table.getState().pagination.pageIndex + 1} of {table.getPageCount()}
        </div>
        <div className="flex items-center space-x-2">
          <Button
            variant="secondary"
            className="hidden p-0 lg:flex"
            icon={true}
            onClick={() => table.setPageIndex(0)}
            disabled={!table.getCanPreviousPage()}>
            <span className="sr-only">Go to first page</span>
            <ChevronsLeft />
          </Button>
          <Button
            variant="secondary"
            className="p-0"
            icon={true}
            onClick={() => table.previousPage()}
            disabled={!table.getCanPreviousPage()}>
            <span className="sr-only">Go to previous page</span>
            <ChevronLeft />
          </Button>
          <Button
            variant="secondary"
            className="p-0"
            onClick={() => table.nextPage()}
            disabled={!table.getCanNextPage()}>
            <span className="sr-only">Go to next page</span>
            <ChevronRight />
          </Button>
          <Button
            variant="secondary"
            className="hidden p-0 lg:flex"
            onClick={() => table.setPageIndex(table.getPageCount() - 1)}
            disabled={!table.getCanNextPage()}>
            <span className="sr-only">Go to last page</span>
            <ChevronsRight />
          </Button>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}
<DataTablePagination table={table} />

Column toggle

A component to toggle column visibility.

"use client";
 
import { DropdownMenuTrigger } from "@radix-ui/react-dropdown-menu";
import { Settings2 } from "@fusillo/ui/components/icon";
import { Table } from "@tanstack/react-table";
 
import { Button } from "@fusillo/ui/components/button";
import {
  DropdownMenu,
  DropdownMenuCheckboxItem,
  DropdownMenuContent,
  DropdownMenuLabel,
  DropdownMenuSeparator,
} from "@fusillo/ui/components/dropdown-menu";
 
interface DataTableViewOptionsProps<TData> {
  table: Table<TData>;
}
 
export function DataTableViewOptions<TData>({ table }: DataTableViewOptionsProps<TData>) {
  return (
    <DropdownMenu>
      <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
        <Button variant="secondary" className="ml-auto hidden lg:flex">
          <Settings2 />
          View
        </Button>
      </DropdownMenuTrigger>
      <DropdownMenuContent align="end" className="w-40">
        <DropdownMenuLabel>Toggle columns</DropdownMenuLabel>
        <DropdownMenuSeparator />
        {table
          .getAllColumns()
          .filter((column) => typeof column.accessorFn !== "undefined" && column.getCanHide())
          .map((column) => {
            return (
              <DropdownMenuCheckboxItem
                key={column.id}
                className="capitalize"
                checked={column.getIsVisible()}
                onCheckedChange={(value) => column.toggleVisibility(!!value)}>
                {column.id}
              </DropdownMenuCheckboxItem>
            );
          })}
      </DropdownMenuContent>
    </DropdownMenu>
  );
}
<DataTableViewOptions table={table} />